Radiography is the use of x-rays to view unseen and hard images. Radiography is used for both medical and industrial application. If the object that is going to be examined is living object then radiography is considered as medical radiography and if it is any machine or other mechanical device then it is industrial radiography.

Radiography is beneficial in every field but it has certain limitations such that it should not be use in excess else it will cause different disorders these are known as radiographic abnormalities. There are number of different radiographic abnormalities discussed bellow:

* Fibrosis: If the constructional workers are exposed to quartz containing dust, they may cause “fibrosis” of lungs. To measure the abnormalities in these workers they are exposed to quartz containing dust.

Construction worker who are mainly involved in grinding, (jack)-hammering, cutting, sawing and polishing suffer from such radiographic abnormalities.

* Osteosclerosis: Explanation: localized uneven shaped area of bone, it shows increased radiodensity in the area of the missing tooth.

Position: it appears on Alveolar bone of left mandible in the area of missing tooth.

* Compound adontoma: It is a dome shaped radio dense mass above the crown of the unexploded canine composed of numerous small tooth-like structures. This mass is surrounded by a radiolucent zone. It is found at the anterior maxilla in place of the unerupted tooth.

* Complex odontoma: It is a large irregular shaped radiodense mass preventing the blowing of tooth. Here the radiodensity of the mass is same as the adjacent teeth.

Position: it appears at the posterior right mandible in the region of unerupted tooth.

* Condensing osteitis: It is the localized region of increased density of the alveolar bone which extends from apical portion of distal root into the underlying bone forming a bulbous appearing radiodense mass. The external part of the root is visible within this bone with raised radiodensity.It appears at the distal root of lower first molar.

* Root tip: It is radiopaque area of the alveolar ridge with the structural appearance of the apical portion of tooth root. Here a thin periodontal ligament space is visible on the distal. There is extensive similarity between the radiodensity of the root tip and adjacent premolar root.

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