X-rays are the prime constituent of radiations used in Conventional Radiography. These were discovered by a German scientist Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen in 1895. X-rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation. It is a combination of low-pressure gases under the influence of high voltage in a tube. The rays emitted from the positive plate i.e. anode can pass through opaque materials like paper, wood, thin metal sheets and skin. These rays are also known as Roentgen rays.

During an experiment, Roentgen observed that these rays could easily pass through skin but not through bones. The dark shadow of bones was visible on the developed photograph of the body. From then, x-rays have become famous for radiography. Conventional Radiography is a permanent picture of internal body structure. In conventional radiography, x-rays of various wavelengths are passed from an x-ray tube to the body part. Recording instrument will record the image on Roentgen film, Fluoroscopic screens, or on the movie films.

An X- ray machine is the major instrument used in conventional radiography. This machine is a robust instrument which discharge x-rays in the form of radiations on a specific body part. The scattered radiations emitted from the anode are not useful to produce x-rays. Hence, several supporting devices are used for focusing rays on the specific areas.

Conventional radiography is useful in both medical as well as industrial applications. Projection radiography, Diagnostic radiography, angiography, gastro-intestinal fluoroscopy, Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, Radiotherapy, therapeutic radiography, Medical ultrasound and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are some of the major medical applications of conventional radiography. While, some industrial application of conventional radiography are inspection of welds, airport security and non-intrusive cargo scanning.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, (NMR) or (MRI) is other speciality of conventional radiography. It uses non ionizing radiation in the magnetic field for creation an image. Radiotherapy is commonly used for treatment of cancer. In this, heavy ionized radiations are applied on the affected area, avoiding damage to the surrounded healthy area.

Inspection of the weld can be done using conventional radiation. In this, irregularities in the weld can be demonstrated using these radiations. In airport securities, x-ray machines using x-ray conventional radiography examine luggage.

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